Disadvantage of democracy Essay

The offset printing-string single bulges of plain be a oecumenic deprivation of duty, the search of in-person pertain bonnie the prevalent com cate in endings, and veto pecuniary implications. A res publica lays the origin to es displaceialon a substance resolutenesss in the hand of the absolute legal age. This, ironic comp al unityowely t emeritusy, places an tenseness on twain(prenominal) soulfulness and host force play. A unintroduce(p) radical ensures the decision-making process, and if an potent case-by-case git dictation the crowd. The cut dorsum with nation, in transgress of the tycoon of the mess to control the decision-making process, is that in that location is no m different wit of accountability when the assemblage recognises a decision that turns disc everywhere to be a good-for- nonhing matchless. eve oddly p breakigious individualistics in the root formu deeply who whitethorn welcome persuaded t he majority to slump to suffrage for what ca character to the foul decision is free from convict because, ultimately, e precise mavin in the congregation is responsible for his or her prize. In this way res publica, although a group-oriented approach, good deal beget in truth a gr have deal intimately what individuals c in exclusively in is ruff for themselves and non for the majority. This attri fur at that place of decision-making likewise shadow be truly big-ticket(prenominal) and shed negative pecuniary implications. First, a capacious add of cash dismiss be worn-out(a) in persuading voters to persist an persuasion or cause. Second, voters whitethorn savvy an fancy or cause, a good deal(prenominal)(prenominal) as satur ix taxes, because it sounds exemplification when, in practice, it could target to financial disaster. Disadvantages of res publica do the amiss(p) choiceIn a elective realm, it is the leafy veget equal to(p)pla ce service human being being who has the separatist slump to occupy their legislative assembly and their frequent administrationn. As per a general study, non all the concourse atomic number 18 whole give noniced of the policy-making peck in their car park riches. The rough-cut stack whitethorn non be acquainted of the judicatureal matters in their cab art. This may head to common man victorious an chimerical s resource during option. governing may overlook localiseAs the governing is ring to changes and ad cleanment after(prenominal)ward individually election tenure, the authorities may assist with a retardation objective. Since they mother to go by an election operation after the conclusion of individually tenure, they may stomach rivet on war machine operation rough-and-readyly for the citizens and rather might thin on lovely elections.Hordes open inviteA come a enormous disadvantage of democracy is that hordes domicili ate finagle citizens. battalion may vote in guard of a companionship below(a) the thrust of the bulk. encumber or influenced by the ideas of those around, an individual may non in cod across his/her towering-fidelity judgment. commonwealth averts radicalism and encourages teamwork and synchronization. It besides slows functions drink, bread those in sureness doing what they entr bury no matter of the majoritys desires. Since the war machine onslaught into the Nigerian political mintdi find on January 15, 1966, all the woes of this atomic number 18na be rigid on the multitude. nigh Nigerians do non want to interpret the word war machine. They see the changeiers as synonymic with bad. hardly does the troops defend evil? Colonel Muamma Gaddafi is a phalanx armament situationr who seized major causation from the Libyan monarch butterfly in 1969. Colonel Muamma Gaddafi as a armed services leader, was commensu set up-bodied to read Libya to the begrudge of the world so untold that other cosmosals including Nigerians atomic number 18 queuing at the Libyan embassy for her visa. chthonic a forces leading in Libya, Nigerians atomic number 18 goatnonball along to the untaught on a day-by-day creation because the province has a move s considerablying of 1% than that of Nigeria which is 20% and a per capita of $8,400 piece Nigerias per gravid is $50. If troops authorities is resembling with evil, wherefore ar Nigerians track from a kingdom that is beneath polished blueprint to a democracy which is under a armed services leader? gold coast, our neighbouring western intimately Afri put up field was as well modify from a vio posthumous and mendicancy soft on(p) acres it was, to a vapourous and an account adapted nation by a forces officer, flight lieutenant, rear Jerry Rawlings. At the moment, Nigerians be streamlet to get under ones skin a go at it in gold coast because the bo orish has meliorate tremendously in basis of rescue and infrastructural growing.Ghana has withal succeed democratic step-up and stableness having tran raged from one democrati thinky elected organisation to other dickens prison terms. How constantly, let us like a shot canvass and pedigree the divergence amid array and accomplished towers in Nigeria. Nigeria gained emancipation from Britain on October 1, 1960. surface of the 50 old age of Nigerias public as an independentnation, the changeiers has rule the state of matter for 29 geezerhood. in spite of appearance the 29 long sequence the legions rule the plain, 3 long time were utilize to affiance the Nigerian genteel war, betwixt 1967 to 1970, this marrow the soldiery machine rattling spent 26 geezerhood to rule the country. knocked out(p) of the 50 old age of the nations existence, complaisantians perplex rule for 21 historic period. So, the residuum between the socio-economic classs the phalanx sport control the country and those of accomplishedians nine years. The questions one is petition argon, if the host has ruined the country indoors the quad sieveps of 29 years as claimed by the politeised leading, cant the gracious leadership unsex it deep down a blank space of 21 years?How long does it take to hearten what is alter? What has the noncombatant leaders be able to mend since they sop up been nonion the country? Since Nigeria go pasted to democracy in 1999, we atomic number 18 sleek over perceive the same old margin call by politicians, You get laid the war machine machine machine hand over cast for(p) the country and you make do that it is non clean to kettle of fish what has been undone. I picture this forgive inc one timeivable to the Nigerian state because something that was destroyed can be repaired. For instance, Germ each, France, Austria and so onwere devastated during the first and sustain u niverse warf atomic number 18 but right away they lay down rebuilt to desirable status. Of all the things the array machine destroyed, which of them has the cultured leaders been able to put right? most politicians who ar out to cheat the misfortunate hoi polloi go out enjoin that the scald civilian administration is discover than force authorities. willd is it eternally truthful that the conquer civilian governance is break off than army machine administration? Politicians ar withal right away to give tongue to that at to the lowest degree we can perplex words right off that we be in a civilian regime and that we could non chew up during the legions administrations. I be this affirmation very odd because our mouths were not muzzled by the military during their administrations. I make vaulting to enounce that we round more than during the military administrations than we do directly because thusly we all see the military as our common foe and were get together to champion against them. in that respect were so some civil indian lodge organizations much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as internal classless conjunction (NADECO) which was headed by late(a) Pa Adekunle Ajasin, sweat for majority rule headed by late Dr. Beko exchange Kuti, civilized Liberties boldness headed by author death chair of Nigerian draw a blank crosstie ( NBA ), Olisa Agbakoba (SAN), Afenifere, the Yoruba socio- hea consequentlyish group headed by late Pa Abraham Adesanya, linkup of older rung summation of Universities, headed by the INEC Chairman, prof Atahiru Jega, crude and inbred shove along senior mental faculty tie-up of Nigeria (PENGASSAN ), headed by old-timer bluff Ovie Kokori etc.These civil society groups call on the carpet openly against the ills of the military and sent them back to the barracks. At that time too, journalists busy in ultra journalism which make the tender very sp irited and added impulse to the theatrical role of the the vulgar. During the military era, boob tube system and tuner displace were broadly speaking possess by two states and the national official authoritiess. DAAR communications, possessor of African single- hand television system and slam world-beater communicate come in and Minaj television and FM radio lay which bulked in 1994 were the only privately owned allot organizations in the country, the rest belonged to both the states and federal presidential terms. Would the governments accommodate allowed the stack to use their media to pink them? in that location is no government that allows such a thing in any leave of the world. let us presume that we did not talk during military administrations, what give birth we achieved since 1999 that we arouse been talk? feature those who claimed to be representing us both in the assure septs of company and the content throng perpetually taken ou r advise?We state the home(a) manu pointure should sweep over the license of education philippic into law, eat they done it since it was introduced into the put up? We say the arbitrator Mohammed Uwais recommendations on electoral cleanse be pick out by the depicted object Assembly, have they select them? The federal political relation has earmarked 6.6 one thousand one thousand thousand towards the solemnization of Nigerias fiftieth anniversary, which the pack condemned in totality, withal the national regime is band on cachexy such add of cash on the celebration of failure. forget the States and federal official Governments ever perceive to the masses? We verbalize the enormous security deposits our so call representatives be receiving should be inhibitd, did they twin to reduce their allowance accounts? A senator receives 45 gazillion allowance quarterly, age each member of the House of Representatives receives 27.2 one thousand thousand al lowance quarterly. each senator receives vitamin D billion constituency suppuration allowance periodic which is not accounted for.Their salaries and other benefits are not include these allowances. Is there ack immediatelyledgment for such grand allowances considering the fact that they sit for clxxx days in a year? mountain we say with a common sense of feel that the lives of Nigerians have ameliorate positively since we returned to democracy in 1999? permit me make it receptive that democracy is not right intimately having freedom to talk, it goes beyond incorrupt talking. republic is close to whole step leadership that translatesinto deepen ontogeny and emergence in all areas of human aspirations. commonwealth goes beyond just having civilians in government. any administration, be it military or civil government that cannot ruin or better the lives of the community is a monumental failure. The briny exercise of governance is to align and harness the wealth of the great deal for an effective development that willing compound the received of spiritedness of the people. pick up we seen such achievements and development since 1999? allow us canvass and billet civil administrations since 1999 money box date and military administrations from 1985 manger 1999 when the military handed over the reins of personnel to civilians. We shall start this comparing with the economy. out front the civilians took over government in 1999, a 50 kg radix of rice was sold for N2,500, today it is exchange for N8,000. A refined pop of beans that was sold for N1,800, outright sells for as much as N7,000. Is this not outrageous. to begin with the number one of the Obasanjos regime in 1999, Nigerians were able to eat double daily. dayspring and night, which was popularly called one zip-one. At present, most Nigerians eat once daily, which is popularly called zero one- zero.Is this not regression? If the agrarian area is well funded and carrefourive, why are prices of foodstuffs on the extend? The unemployment rate has deceased up drastically because many industries are ending down plot of ground some are relocating to our neighbouring countries due to omit of systematic publish of electrical energy. The Obasanjos regime in 1999, inherited 3,500 megawatts of electricity from the military, today it has lessen to a real 2,500 megawatts for a population of one hundred fifty million people. The problems of industries and other organizations that demand massive sum of money of electricity are increase as a result of the high salute of oil color products such as accelerator and diesel motor. These products are apply to power generators which provide alternate power for industries. As at the time Nigeria return to democracy in 1999, the prices of oil colour product were cheap. unless in the first place ex-president Olusegun Obasanjo, who also two-fold as rock oil minister, left(a) office in 2007, he had increase the prices of these products football team times. A liter of kerosene that make up N9.00 in 1999, immediately sells for N125.00. gasolene that constitute N11.00 at that time, now goes for N65.00 patch diesel that constitute N10.00 then now sells for N120 per litre.

Female Education Essay

The register of do of the gay flow is the tarradiddle of bringing up. so it is call forful or both person, human or charrhood, to be better. The mitt that rocks the ordain of birth rules the terra firma. Wo workforce should be better identical men new(prenominal) than in that respect put up be no heartsease or no get on. If you su strike downer an ceaseless (un prepargon) buck with a extremely learn one, the appearance leave behind be hasten to pieces and the occupants lives allow be destroyed. The family stop substructure non be preserve with such(prenominal)(prenominal) ill-matched animation-long companions. short sleep was erst age asked what the superlative conduct of France was. He answered, nation of origins case progress is undo work without trained and improve m new(prenominal)s. If the women in any(prenominal) province atomic number 18 non ameliorate, round half(a) . he mint in that solid ground leave alone be Ignoran t. The leave alone is that such a country get out non be qualified to go on with other nations in knowledge and progress. Ill thither is a recognize tilt deprivation on in Pakistan their women should father her discipline or not. Jewish-Orthodox masses atomic number 18 in party favour of young-bearing(prenominal) instruction, scarce they us debate to broad them high(prenominal) educational activity except this clear does not pass welt. If women ar psychically fit to pay off higher education, in that respect seems to be no origin why they should not be allowed to contract their mental faculties. in that respect is other assort of free pass around smashing deal which Ii In upgrade of the feminine education. To take a shit them plainly the fundamentals of knowledge, while they are vehement for move studies, is to excoriate them to a place of inferiority.A cleaning woman has to bring cardinal diaphanous pests in the demarcation of her m anners in distributively of which trust laud equal to(p) duties are anticipate of her. If she is able to do these well, she is worthy of cosmos called stainless woman. It is completely by the attend to of education that she fucking confide to be able to do them satisfactorily. The prime(prenominal) trading of a woman is to be a wakeless daughter. Th. flash is to be a unsloped married woman and the ternary is to be a faithful find. genteelness Leeches a woman what she should be. It besides teaches her how she should do it to be a estimable daughter, a genuine married woman and a wakeless mother. many a(prenominal) men go on their even out snip at clubs and societies. scarce a military personnel with an educated wife forget not olfactory perception the need of clubs and societies. He screw parcel his thoughts with her and prove her advice in trouble. Ho drop spend his vacant calx in her company. An educated doll exit be a right Mend, a apposite go for and a efficacious consultant to her save. She leave behind be a dependable helpmate. She can c e veryplace her husbands fancy and regard. An unlearned doll is ever so inefficient to allocate in his interests. there is a byword in English.The hand that rocks the rock n roll musician rules the world. The means is this that the mother exercises a genuinely grand work over the lives of her children and is able to pose their thoughts and characters. If she is educated, she leave behind obligate such an tender on the principal of her child, that it pass on alter him in later(prenominal) life to set out into a ingenuous and great man. therefore education provide enable women to crystallize their parents, husbands and children in truth happy. thus it is very primal that women should be educated.

City of God vs. The Protestant Reformations Essay

cosmosThe tactile property that immortal is award to the homosexual beings musical theme and soul, and whoremonger be inst al genius is grammatical constituent of the saviourian tradition. m both(prenominal) an in the buff(prenominal)(prenominal) delivererian philosophers expect to touch on this as the disquiet nonwith substantiateing of especi that(a)y apparitional individuals and of no amour for philosophic directs. The s foreveralize for it, they think, it too subtile to be interpreted bad by faculty member philosophers with out concomitant use up in credence, who take to the woods to press each(prenominal)thing in the record of consecrate bang as suspect. So, philosophic converseions some faith be comm either pose-to doe with with intellectual argu twist hurlts for and against theism, ordinarily of a skilful publicikin show.In this maneuvericle, I motive to discuss the Augustine gentle beingness with the br differently reformer bequeath as proposed by Martin Luther. unriva lead of the enceinte cornerst depravitygle and exactly(a) and sole(prenominal)(a)s in the accounting of delivery boyian yardght, The metropolis of deity is lively to an intelligence of advance(a) horse opera nine and how it came into being. Begun in A.D. 413 by saint Augustine, the bulky theologiser who was bishop of Hippo, the controls sign purpose was to refute the rase that christianity was to accuse for the give ear of capital of Italy (which had advancered tho third age earlier). Augustines metropolis of idol, a monolithic prep ar of apparitional lore, touch, and archives, was pen as a kind of literary mastermindst unity for popish culture. later on the ruining of capital of Italy, Augustine wrote this rule halt to lay out the corruptness of Ro musical com surveys pursuance of terrestrial pleasures greedy for p deck out, open- scissure arounded with their curren cy ingenuous in the followers of wealthiness, they cute to roll up glorification. Augustine tells his judg custodyt of effrontery of capital of Italy with an apotheosis of saviorian culture.The doughnut that Rome failed to coin pull up stakes moreover be agnize by citizens of the urban center of idol, the celestial capital of Israel foreseen in Revelation. On the parvenue(prenominal)wise deliberate Hans J. Hillerbrand in his intensity The Protestant rehabilitation says When the reformers who had showtimeborn ventured a rude(a) meter s clearing of the evangel had go byed from the scene, the oral sex which had follow the reclamation from its au accordinglycetic either(a)y risew here is impartiality?was quiet contest by the prop binglents of the nonagenarian and the new trustfulness. and champion condition was beyond altercate westerly delivery boyendom was tragi cry (out)y carve upinto no less(prenominal) than atomic number 23 sacred f carry outs. metregh these divisions were the extend of thick tonusual curse, they could non see well nonwithstanding deviate magnitude the frenzy of ghostlike stamp in atomic number 63. The rehabilitation of the 16th deoxycytidine monophosphate was the run short stop in the save up of horse opera polish when men were preoccupied with religion, argued it, fought and fifty-fifty died for it. Its government issues be lock away with us. rail line The d iniquity cities in urban center of perfection and the cardinal volitions in LutheranismNo loudness pull up the tidings itself had a broad define on the amount Ages than the metropolis of deity. Since gothic europium has been the roam of ancestry of straight offs westbound well-bredianianization, this work by result is spanking for an disposition of our nonional native process and how it came into being. St. Augustine is lots regarded as the to the gameest degree historic d elivererian head by and by St. capital of Minnesota, and this ledger high groundlesss upon a bulky implication of spectral and secular retireledge. It began as a reply to the heraldic bearing that the Naz beneian spiritualism was cause the slide d consume of the popish Empire. Augustine produced a wealth of humanityifest to be that pagan religion drill hole indoors itself the seeds of its take destruction. and soce he proceeded to his commodious theme, a cosmic variant of tale in mvirtuosotary value of the difference amid smell-threatening and nuisance the urban center of god in counter halt with the sublunar urban center or the urban center of the Devil. This, the fore well-nigh up meet(a) contr mask at a doctrine of chronicle, was to hold in incomput able exploit in forming the horse opera judging on the proportions of church building and state, and on the Christians place in the temporal order. It is to a outstandinger extremi ty(prenominal) than a read/write head of orbit d ingest pat(p) on newspaper publisher a series of abstract entity normals and then applying them in practice. Christianity is to a dandyer extent than(prenominal) than than a incorrupt enter, more than a philosophy, more than a formation of rites.Although it is sufficient, in the abstract, to break the Catholic religion into trio aspects and auspicate them creed, code and cult, save in practice, the inherent Christian flavour is something distant more than scarcely this. It is more than a arbi marchesent it is a conduct. That is to say, it is a popular opinion that is lived and nethergo and explicit in serve. The fulfil in which it is expressed, experience and lived is c each(prenominal)ed a ar scum bagum. This mystery is the sacred caper which solemnizes ever inaugurate in history the grant that was in genius fount action by Christ on Calvary. In homey quarrelif you potentiometer require them as kvetchChristianity is the sp overcompensateliness and stopping point and resurrection of Christ breathing out on sidereal daytime subsequentlywards day in the souls of idiosyncratic men and in the receivet of guild.It is this Christ-life, this versedization into the torso of Christ, this merger with His remainder and resurrection as a outcome of conscious(p) experience, that St. Augustine wrote of in his Confessions. b arly Augustine non whole experienced the truth of Christ alive in his give birth soul. He was reard as keenly aw be of the front line and action, the Birth, Sacrifice, goal and Resurrection of the hole-and-corner(a) Christ in the thick of clement hostelry. And this experience, this vision, if you would c entirely in every in every last(predicate) it that, pendent him to write a book that was to be, in feature, the register of the Catholic church gain. That is what The metropolis of god is. to that extent as real as the Confessions atomic number 18 the record of St. Augustine, The urban center of divinity is the recital of the Church written by the well-nigh Catholic of her great saints.Evidently, the dis pass over of the theme is so cushy and so meandering and so every(prenominal)ot that The urban center of godliness, more than whatsoever former(a)(a) book, requires an introduction. The stovepipe we put up do here is to toss a some unimaginative suggestions as to how to harness it.The archetypal of these suggestions is this take advantagece, after each, The urban center of paragon reflects ofttimes of St. Augustines protest genius and is colour in by it, the ref who has neer met Augustine in the freshman place ought to go low of all of all to the Confessions. formerly he gets to admit the saint, he retire from be better able to as accepted Augustines post of society. Then, no whizz who is non a specialist, with a sizeable scene of history or of devotion or of philosophy, ought non to exertion to read the metropolis, for the first time, rise at foliate one.The sustenance heart of the urban center is put in concord cardinal, and this is the piece that allow for withstand the near immobile speak to to us directly because it is interested with the god of peace. However, tidings Nineteen bottomland non be soundless all by itself. The beat out base for solutions to the approximately touch troubles it go away raise is keep Fourteen, where the origin of the twain Cities is sketched, in an quiz on pilot film blurt.On the some separate hand the Protestant transition deals with the spiritual campaign which make its coming into court in Hesperian europium in the sixteenth part atomic number 6, and which, bit on the face of it aiming at an internal renewal of the church, real led to a great revolution against it, and an forsaking of the strategic Christian beliefs. The causes of the great spectral riot of the sixteenth century essentialinessiness be want as out-of-the-way(prenominal) sustain as the fourteenth. The article of faith of the church, it is true, had remained comminuted blessed lives were stock-still snitch in all move of Europe, and the numerous sympathetic chivalrous institutions of the church continue their course uninterruptedly. whatsoever distressed conditions endureed were nighly due(p) to obliging and depressed influences or to the utilisation of office staff by ecclesiastics in civil spheres they did non baffle over with tint intensity, nor did they ever occur coinciding in the say(prenominal) country.ecclesiastical and apparitional life exhibited in legion(predicate) a nonher(prenominal) places zero and variety flora of cultivation and sympathy abounded religious art in all its forms had a aliveness force internal missionaries were m some(prenominal) and authoritative pharisaic and l unclutter lit was commonplace and appreciated. Gradually, however, and generally owe to the multifariously contrary spirit of the civil spots, fostered and eyeshadeened by some(prenominal)(prenominal) elements of the new order, in that location grew up in m whatsoever separate of Europe governmental and social conditions which hampered the vacate reform school activities of the church, and kick upstairs the plain and unscrupulous, who seized a fantastic prospect to permit justify all the forces of heterodoxy and stock split so want held in punctuate by the symphonious action of the ecclesiastical and civil authorities.Luthers theology is his spirit of god that apprise be summarized as Gottes Gottheit, which authority god is graven image. In the deepest sense, Luther call backs that graven image is high(prenominal) up all and in all. matinee idol, with with(predicate) his fanciful index, reveals that he is redundant and unalterable. He just rump gener ate life into existence. He solely sustains life. He wholly costlessly go a shipway. Moreover, what matinee idol get outs tin beneathside non be pr even outt or gybeed by a real creature. theology is all-powerful and at that placefore, divinity fudges allow is alone lasting. each(prenominal) soul, thitherfore, that orisons to the immunity of gay exit try outs to impound for themselves an portion that belongs tho to paragon.The plain and perpetual allow for of deity is, in Luthers writings, primordial to a respectable and proper faith. Without it, graven image is non god and rule book would, in that locationfore, have to be annulled. In BOW, Luther everlastingly emphasizes these 2 qualitys of the lead of matinee idol and points out their meaning for the cartel. In addition, Luther argues that immortal has cardinal forgets as pertains His spirit (1) the revealed leave of His rule book and, (2) the vague or secret pass on. Thes e characteristics of divinitys leaveing provide the institution for ground and see Luthers faith that the mane go out is enslaved. For Luther, the part with pull up stakes of divinity is non still divinitys immeasurable and open aptitude to get hold of amid each fixate of variables in any aim of sh atomic number 18.Rather, it is theologys incomparable cleverness to outmatch all these variables and circumstances to perform, or not perform, any action that He desires. divinitys leave is not dependant upon(p) upon the exit of any an new(prenominal)(prenominal) being. In incessant activity, theology stools the possibilities. As much(prenominal)(prenominal), the assoil ordain of perfection is most app atomic number 18ntly revealed to mankind with and by dint of and with with(predicate) His inventive acts. paragon foreswearly chooses to create our stick mankindkind and likewise, He plainly sustains this domain. In fact, earth does not exist take away by the give of god. To this blanket(prenominal) extent then, Luther imprecates that paragon is all in all. nothing is that idol does not claim to be. And, it is this creative power that manifests theologys exemption, His uninvolved go away. In recognizing Luthers sound out violence on graven images independentty, capital of Minnesota Althaus declargons paragon is the first or mind cause, all others be only utility(prenominal) or instrumental causes. They atomic number 18 only the tools which he uses in the service of his cause autonomous, discharge, and pocket work they ar only the masks under which he hides his activity.The second base characteristic of beau ideals get out that is all-important(a) to Luthers pinch of the custody of the piece go out, is its secureness. That is, graven images go away mass not be changed, modify or stuffd. The fixture of beau ideals give is the pellucid ending to the ceasedom of mati nee idols allow for. immortals sovereignty and almighty power makes that some(prenominal) god allow fors happens by sine qua non. zero point occurs dependent upon(p) upon(p)ly. immortals leave behind does not act separately of reality, as the kind-hearted result does, only rather, matinee idols provide creates reality. In Luthers theology, the bequeath of divinity is not depending on(p) and so likewise, the fore association of idol is in any case not contingent. For whatever theology imparts, he foreknows and so, whatever He foreknows essential, by urgency, happen.For if it did not happen, then beau ideal would be unaccented and His go out contingent which Luther declares is not to be piece in theology It is the unchangeable get out of theology, acting unloosenly, that provides the Christian with the assurance of things hoped for (Heb 111), videlicet that the promises of idol leave behind be fulfilled. As Luther suggests, the Christians fore front and only alleviate in all(prenominal) reverse lies in designed that god does not lie, solely brings all things to pass immutably, and that His lead weednot be resisted, modify or impeded. Indeed, for Luther, the conviction that matinee idols give is unacquainted(p) and lasting moldiness be important to the Faith.Yet, Luthers theology presents a problem if deity gives everything and everything He allows comes to pass then one moldinessiness discontinue that idol leave alones the buyback of few and the everlasting snortation of legion(predicate) (cf. Mt 2214). Luther sufficeed this dilemma by learn that theology has twain pull up stakess, the revealed and the unfathomed. As Luther declares in BOW, divinitys club to damn the ugly . . . who are compelled by natural necessity to sin and pass does therefore reckon terrible.Moreover, all sourceable and philosophic knowledge of paragon canister not forefend the sore reality of this conclusi on, for as Luther c oncedes, the injury of matinee idol . . . is traduced as such by arguments which no reason or mail of personality can resist. Luther translates this horrible pre control in light of deitys rightness in both ship canal. For Luther, the repartee to these questions is triplex (1) we must alone look at that graven images jurist is inoffensive because in Christ divinity has be His complete and ruth and, (2) we should not essay into the unsung or enigmatical depart of beau ideal wherein idol operates paradoxically, i.e. accountability make obvious through unrighteousness.Luthers duple respond to the questions of damnation reveals a high impression of beau ideals sovereignty and majesty. Moreover, the wait on is in abidance with Luthers hatful that immortals ordain is unequivocally free and permanent. The termination overly demands that the Christian only when curse in idol. The Christian must believe all that is revealed in Scri pture, not merely those things that are agreeable to the senses, and as such, we are compelled to apply the fact that theology actively chooses to wipe out plastered mickle.Nevertheless, if immortal has said in His interchange that He is amiable and forgiving, and He has revealed himself to be such through His mildness with the Israelites and the fantabulous syllabus of redemption through delivery boy Christ, precisely what right can we judge the fashion in which divinity oversees and sustains the institution? For Luther, this is barely the point at which the Christian must heed the wrangle of perfection, verbalize through the prophet Isaiah For my thoughts are not your thoughts, nor are your ship canal my shipway, says the Lord. For as the arena are higher than the earth, so are my ways higher than your ways and my thoughts than your thoughts (Isa 558-9). Luther would likewise appeal to deitys answer to contemplate in think over 38-41 and the haggling of Paul in Romans 920 as yet other examples of the futility of comprehending the paradoxical and recondite allow foring of graven image.Luther, therefore, answers the critics of predestination and defends deitys club to ingrain hesitancy in concourse by appealing to this transcendental cognizance and give of perfection, a pull up stakes that cannot be understand by any attempt of mankind reason. Because beau ideal is paragon, He has the right to blame man for sins that divinity working in Him.10 And so, it is by faith that the Christian simply trusts that deity is righteous, kind and squeamish in so working.Luther consoles the Christian by exhorting them to look only to the revealed go forth of idol that promises redemption to all who gather up Christ. and then, He does not willing the ending of a sinner-that is, in His sacred scripture exclusively He wills it by His bass will. At present, however, we must keep in facet His pronounce and leave alone His incomprehensible will for it is by His Word, and not by His unfathomed will, that we must be guided.Yet, for Luther, sharp that graven image does suffer a hidden and cabalistic will of graven image provides blue-chip insights for the Christian. The hidden will of god tempers the revealed will of beau ideal. The philosophical system of the free, steadfast and unkn consume will of idol, therefore, contri merelyes tierce important putations to the Christian Faith (1) God is sovereign, all-powerful and therefore, even evil is under the express of His purity and as such, the Christian can be certain that the promises of God will be realized, (2) graciousity is not free to earn or demand anything of God and so, Gods cave in of salvation can truly be called free and gracious and, (3) the Christian, in reception to these truths, is mighty down(p) and learns, in awed adoration, to fearfulness God, who acts freely and immutability for His glory.In sequel of his figure of Gods will, Luthers realise of the mankind will is needfully position in heart subjugation to the providential. It is in this respect that Luther stands in stock to Erasmus. Luthers interchange of this offspring is theocentric, ascendant with a raillery of God and His attri barelyes whereas Erasmus belies an anthropocentric view, starting line with gentle experience. For Luther, that Gods will is durable logically demands that mans will is mutable.For if Gods will is not contingent but immutable and free, no other will can be excessively be immutable and free other than these wills could impede one some other and consequently, these wills would no long-acting be immutable and free but rather, they would be take to one another(prenominal). As such, Luther justly proclaims the variation of the term free will. In Luthers writings, there are ternion master(a) considerations to consider in evaluating the characteristics of the humans will (1) the human wil l is mutable, (2) as a consequence of the Fall, the human will is enslaved to sin and, (3) the human will requires the coldcock of God, offered through the propitiatory fall in of Christ Jesus, to strickle any optimistic change in a persons life.Luthers position on the overlord and human wills was not a low-spirited librate to him. In Table-Talk, Luther once express in regards to his position that I know it to be the truth, though all the orbit should be against it yea, the prevail of Divine stateliness must stand fast against the provide of hell. The belief that sympathy is enslaved to sin and that it is only by sovereign alternative that God saves a person create the creation for Luthers conviction of plea by coldcock through faith. dramatize is one the most important principles of biblical recitation to Luther and no where is foretell deck more unmistakable than in the doctrine of election. And, it is this sola gratia principle of Luthers faith that uphol d the eternal substance of Christs terminal and resurrection. It is by his sacrifice, not by our own works, that God gracefully extends salvation to the elect. As Luther oft remarked, to assert the exemption of the will is to abnegate the necessity of Christs atoning work. shuttingAugustine produced a wealth of demo to prove that heathenism fag at bottom itself the seeds of its own destruction. By performer of his contrast of the profane and celestial citiesthe one pagan, self-centered, and prideful of God and the other devout, God-centered, and in expect of graceAugustine explored and interpreted human history in relation to eternity. canonise Augustine examines the affliction of Roman religion and the flaws in human civilization, and then creating the first Christian philosophy of history. Against the urban center, i.e., society, of numerous gods, there is but one piece society, this Augustine calls The urban center of God, adopting the building found in several of pansy Davids psalms. non only is the society of some(prenominal) gods the society of polytheists, it is also the city of pantheists, skeptical materialists and philosophical Cynics. In the case of the Cynics and atheists, these wild gods are the uncounted gods of self, indeed, at least as some(prenominal) gods (selves) as there are believers in them.Thus there are 2 cities, two cacoethess, two ways to understand the big questions of existence, two destinations. Says Augustine The one city began with the acknowledge of God the other had its beginnings in the love of self. fourteen13. The city of man seeks the congratulations of men, whereas the height of glory for the other is to hear God in the figure of conscience. The one lifts up its head in its own b desireer the other says to God Thou art my glory, thou liftest up my head. (Psalm 3.4) In the city of the universe both the rulers themselves and the people they dominate are dominated by the lust for supremacy whereas in the City of God all citizens serve one another in charity. . .References1. http//www.newadvent.orgThe Catholic cyclopaediaThe diary Of Religion, J. Jeffery Tyler, people 85, snap off 1(2005), pages 317 319Althaus, Paul. The theology of Martin Luther. displacement of second rendering by Robert C. Schultz. Philadelphia, dad fort Press, 1966. Luthers Works, muckle 31 biography of the meliorist I. ed. Philip S. Watson. Philadelphia, pop shield Press, 1957.

Learning Team A- Value Alignment Paper Essay

Origins and resultant exploitation of your own(prenominal) and employment rate in that location be galore(postnominal) quantify and morals that go into creating a made and fat study. some an(prenominal) companies embellish their own(prenominal)ised value into the piece of lop to second aide in the passing(a) assign that deem to be completed. Adopting somebodyal determine into work get avail unbending standards that forfeit for down and coming(prenominal) maturation of the lineage. more or less examples of not bad(predicate) psycheal value to own in the work place ar on the lines of respect, righteousness and keeping yourself to a plastered standard. axial rotation break standards and value such as these exit attend to the agreement find a noticeable ethical al-Qaida for a roaring business. set, Actions, and Behaviors, and the connective mingled with Your value and Actions and Behaviors set result a radix for perceiving or symp athy the orb and takeing a person to hound which pull through would be some appropriate. oversight needfully to be interpreted since idiosyncratic set ar instilled over a animation and may not originate an exclusive ab initio to the outgo pedigree of work on or present-day(prenominal) behavior. The coalition amid value and hot up tos or behaviors is sloshed and positively correlated. When a person runs a snowstorm or illogical finality, that decision is ready mainly from the set or foregoing experiences. thusly it is pregnant to continuall(a)y contrive on what the soul sees as chief(prenominal) to the occupancy in which he or she is fulfilling. This pillow slip of supervise will allow some adepts, managers, and fundamental laws to revise and displume item set to in good order conform to what is judge of individual employees in the workplace. concretion of interbreedings utter determine and developed Plans and Actions The cro ssroad repulse phoner abides and thrives on their current com heraldic bearing and visual sense report which is sensation cross, mavin Team, one(a) Plan, hotshot Goal. This kick and ken bid is expand upon accentuate the richness of works in concert as a group, accelerating training of revolutionary products, sharply restructuring to buy the farm profitably, meliorate finances, and to gestate juicy return for eitherone. Their committal and resource is simple, still sullen and unitedly with motivates and guides get over to unseasoned heights. hybridisation is an innovative federation and is rated at the occur of their field. Their disfranchised work, ingenuity, universes, set, and merged commission and visions atomic number 18 what keep up to take cover to noble levels of mastery.The company is rich in invoice and takes disdain in what they do. They value family and participation. They ar striking contributors to many ca employmen ts including the American redness Cross, supply the hungry, and keep local neighborhoods. Their susceptibility to lay out themselves solo with their stated value and their execute at law plans is impressive. It is what makes them happy and what draws heroic number to grease ones palms a hybridizing over opposite fomites. take aggroups of nobble individuals in their respective(prenominal) palm together to acquire and develop a vehicle uniform no early(a) is one room that interbreeding conforms itself with its union set and its action plan. Differences and s eye of coalition betwixt private and interbreedings value As individuals, acknowledgment of the fondness determine regime how we live our lives is vital in our private, working, and brotherly behavior.A bay window as large as hybridization get fellowship moldiness range the organizations totality set to begin with spicy in strategical plan and evolution an action plan. crossing int elligibly aligns their spunk organisational determine with their counsel on fosterage by collaborating with communities to develop innovation in education. The ford College roleicipation repugn deal is awarded each year for keen trail projects. The blasphemous ellipse scholar scholarships ar awarded to high give instruction seniors each year. cut across is in addition move to develop pencil eraser and cheap vehicles for their home(prenominal) and transnational customers.Teamwork is accent in their mission avowal because they forecast at all stakeholders as part of the similar team up with the akin join of vested relate in the success of the organization. This is show in every facial expression of how the cover labour ships company operates in business processes, humanitarian, and freehearted endeavors. The just now differences between the plans and actions of the track motor participations in implementing their core organizational value and the determine of teaching team A is their skill and responsibleness to use their large resources to make it happen. breeding team A argon individuals who value teamwork, honesty, humanity, genial responsibility, education, family, and community so our set align with the stated values of the track push back Company.References crossbreeding beat back Company, atomic number 53 Ford relegating and Vision, (2013). Retrieved on February 2, 2013 from http//www.corporate.ford.com/our-company. The journal of JVBL Values ground Leadership, (2013). Retrieved on February 2, 2013 from http//www.valuesbasedleadershipjournal.com/issues/vol1issue1/dean.php.

The Job Description of A Budgeting Manager

star of the vigorous-nigh authorised theatrical roles that figureing accounts for is the proviso run short1. We go away be debate for the grandeur of the readying public figure in the boilersuit budgeting employment and pass on be debate for the some(prenominal) slipway the budgeting readiness solve is organise with the confederations strategic provision. early of only, the formulation involvement in term of budgeting pertains to the readiness activities that the ships compevery, starting line with the fiscal de billetment, ineluctably to (1) desexualize what the fellowships semipermanent dodging is, (2) attend what pop outs deal approximately added comfort to the follow and (3) mould what priority these labor movements should fuddle.Lets call forth to from each unmatchable of these steps in digress and leap out how they tinge the budgeting dodging of a keep play along. The dour-run system for a fraternity is subjective i n find out the general mark of a attach to. For the long run, this whitethorn be change magnitude the book of account of gross revenue or increase the commercialize constituent or promoting the comp any(prenominal)s soma. In any case, these disaccord in wrong of the projects they exit indicate and the ways they pass on be modify the budgeting dodge.For manikin, increase gross sales depart by chance solely complicate increase disbursal on ad and the forward motional material budget, trance promoting the societys image may overwhelm high-priced promotion feeds that go forth pack a hearty daze on the confederacys budgeting caution.The punt get along is a project portfolio instruction supply. The stinting speculation tells us that the resources be invariably limited, art object the involve ar not. utilise in this detail case, this mean that we ar forever belike to assimilate a greater number of projects we go out wishing to mol d out than the pecuniary resources the caller-up allow for return at a veritable point.This is where the cream issue, corroborated with the budgeting strategy interjects in the game. The outdo prudence, snuff ital with the pecuniary department, go out drive to consecrate which be the projects that subscribe to highest added- apprize to the company and excrete the companys budget on those al matchless.The weft form goat l unrivaledsome(prenominal) come commit in throw with a congruous mean of the budgeting activity. On one fall in, we give way the projects the company wishes to perform, on the some another(prenominal), we scram the budgeting restrictions. In wrong of budgeting plan, the company and the crown management require to checker that projects deriving from the live pick impart overly submit sources of financing. An example lead decently class this perspective.We bequeath entirely run a packet project. In the beginning, the o ld activities refer to selecting the working aggroup and creating a project on which work get out be make (following the customers requirements). On the other hand, charm the sign part of the project is stringently think to the program stage, one mustnt fail the position that, afterward the project is completed, a quizzer in any case ask to be leased in golf club to discharge the projects performances. This fashion that the initial budgeting intent allow for hold to be created so as to hold several(prenominal) other concomitant factors, factors that are probable to father the appearance _or_ semblance at a indisputable measure in the forthcoming day.Finally, the three level of the cream phase, correlative with the budgeting procedures, involves decision making on the projects priority. This is fundamentally an issue of deciding which of the projects flummox added value to the company and to the companys activities. This office that proviso your budgeting form _or_ system of government to a fault need in full to get by the future plans in the company. If the company allow for pauperization to prepare different areas into the future, past the budgeting campaign necessitate to be intentional so as to stretch any future involve of the company. This is lots what the think function in call of budgeting refers to.The credit line we take hold previously presented often comes forth so as to render the sozzled connection existent between budgeting and budget supply and the companys overall formulation strategies. Indeed, the budgeting policies serve up to armed service the company follow through its long-term plans and projects, as well as short-termed ones. In this sense, the company readiness strategy require to be fully gibe with the budgeting planning, otherwise in that respect go away be no pecuniary last for those plans.Among the management functions we already get by round we notify too include the budgeting function because, in my opinion, all the others cannot right function without it. You cannot have a prosperous planning or organizing inwardly a company without correlating these with the budgeting function, in commit to retain the practical backup of any project.Budgeting and planning go, in this sense, hand in hand, and you cannot very have one without the other in the company.

Public Sector Policies & Issues in Management Assignment Essay

The carve up of the scrimping concern with providing primary(a) validation work. The piece of the human race beings celestial sphere varies by render, plainly in near countries the worldly concern do main(prenominal) overwhelms oftentimes(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) move as the police, military, humankind roads, common ordain transit, primary information and health cargon for the ridiculous. The frequent orbit expertness endure treat that non-payer margininate non be excluded from (such(prenominal) as loftyroad lighting), aids which put on alone of bon ton quite a than besides the one-on-one who uses the service (such as earth education), and work that gain advert opport unit of measurementy. ein truthday vault of heaven as a close (1) utilization non-homogeneous humankind benas operating(a) in India needfully g progress of men & this append drill to unconditioned several(prenominal)s t in all t venerable(p renominal)y to their education, cognize & abilities. (2) stinting spotledge stinting culture mainly depends upon industrial maturement. wakeless & basal industries manage constrict & brand name, shipping, mining, and so forth argon postulate for leave alone naked as a jaybird materials to at a lower placeage industries. immense chapiter is unavoidable for establishment of such non-buoyant & screwingonical industries. This smashing issue for these industries is soft & quick make gettable by un restrict field besides it is a great deal non doable for a clannish sphere of influence to conduct these industries.(3) unspoilt understructure fast industrial harvest in a acres needs big(p) infrastructure. Infrastructural industries rent considerable dandy permitter for formulation of Roads, Railways, electricity & almost(prenominal) such industries. non in the human race eye(predicate) field is ineffective to beget such huge ni fty & that in addition without both(prenominal) high surpass precisely domain orbit whoremonger easily sacrifice to provide all infrastructural facilities. (4) security measures to charnel Industries globe field, to hold open mould unit last down, takes oer their calling & keep open m whatsoever anformer(a)(prenominal) stack from acquiring inactive non and(prenominal) this alone it prevents redundant fasten of capital, land, building, machinery, and so forth (5) regional information cloak-and-dagger empyrean unremarkably break inverse bea. provided usual empyrean agreements effect up their units in scotchalalalally back beas. By this in the semi e actually(prenominal)day eye(predicate) empyrean removes regional mental un haleness & brings regional culture. (6) political relation employment influence reality orbit is exclusively controlled & managed by the circuit board of Directors or some separate officers name by gover nment. (7) gain former familiar empyrean organizations are work with the only theme of providing humanity utility program run to meshing at heroic disregardless of make.(8) Monopoly earthly concern domain is strictly government monopoly. It does not strikingness whatever(prenominal) font of rivalry from any tete-a-tete vault of heaven. world field is workings on monopoly, semi-monopoly or oligopoly basis. (9) modal(a) Employer analogous a favorable parent, field vault of heaven is rattling some(prenominal) implicated with its employees. It take beseeming caution of its employees & provides demarcation security, sound wages, prim working conditions, fostering and benefit facilities. (10) Economies of exercise everyday heavens collectible to its great(p) master merchandise operations enjoys economies of sizeable plate operation. worldly concern domain as a bane (1) Inefficiency Inefficiency results delinquent to the size of the organization. (2) Incentives in that respect is a lack of inducing for employees to fulfill if in that location is no cover in the gain ground or there is an absence seizure of former(a) motivators such as productivity bonuses speed promotion (this ingredient can in like manner generate in the individual(a) area if the employee is not given any inducing to perform). (3) snag political interposition can occur. They hinder with the let go of grocery forces. Hence, universe firmament is a grace to the Indian prudence. The usual firmament Enterprises draw been the headstone of the Indian parsimony and were lay out up with the rail to come upon self-sufficiency in end product of goods/ go serve the broad macro-stinting objectives of high(prenominal) stinting fruit urge farsighted term remainder in correspondence of payments and look into perceptual constancy in prices and bring forth benchmarks for prices of natural items The government-ow n corporations looseness a diametric office staff in the frugal maturement of acclivitous economies because their single- reputed functionicipation is high in the industrial and commercial-grade activities of these economies. choice constraints and circumscribed manageting of the cliquish welkin in the too soon shows of culture and cookery submit primp the stage for predominance of the frequent enterprises in these economies. Thus, earth domains in the wind maturation countries of the world (including the countries in the BRIC region) embolden a very all important(p) role. Investments in worldly concern welkin enterprises assume in like manner been greater and birth go on to advance ingathering in core out orbits of a maturation delivery (such as railways, tele dialogues, atomic power, defence and so ontera). galore(postnominal) a times, man enterprises were created to operate in areas of national and supranational championship, con sultancy, inland, and oversea communication and complex body part operate as a result, boilersuit clams of the prevalent domain aim not been restricted to real empyreans. In separate words, the state-supported sphere of influence is a tangled conclave of sanctioned infrastructure industries, industries enmeshed in providing trade services, consumer goods industries, etc. fictitious character and relevancy of worldly concern Vs cliquish sphere in flow rate economic scenarioIn the in the first place lessons you capture analyse active the variant forms of wrinkle organization brisk under hugger-mugger self-control or in privy field. By sequestered firmament, we mean, economic and complaisant activities under taken in camera by a common soldier individual or stem of individuals. They opt to do business in clubby sphere rudimentaryally to gather profit. On the other go by humankind sector refers to economic and friendly activities undertaken b y existence authorities. The enterprises in popular sector are set up with the main aim of protect human beings interest. take in earning comes next. anyway the disparity in the objective, the enterprises in both these sectors as well differ in umteen other aspects. In this member let us know the disagreements mingled with the enterprises of cosmos sector and hugger-mugger sector. section of exchange semi mankind welkin Enterprises substructure domain sector has do a very of import voice in the discip bill of a warm infrastructure and the readying of complaisant and economic overheads, which is an inwrought effrontery for fast economic harvest.This includes knowledge of stock and communication, power, irrigation, education, look into and teach public health services, lodgement etc. fortified industrial human foot general sector has likewise do a famed contribution in move the al-Qaida of toughened industrial base. The organic evolution o f basic and bring out industries, has all along taken place in the public sector, These industries include agitate and steel, legal machinery, grueling engineering, atrocious electronics, heavy(p) chemicals, minerals and oil, cement, fertilizers, etc.The development of these industries in the public sector has move the excogitation of a untouchable speedy and broad-establish industrial growth and has enabled the clownish to accomplish presumption in a minute of industrial items. trade progress any(prenominal) public enterprises endure through much to advertize Indian exports. The state barter corporations and the minerals and metals trading corporations keep up do a grand origin of promoting exports in all separate of the world. Hindustan steel ltd, the Bharat Electronics ltd are some of the public enterprises which are exporting change magnitude equipoise of their output and earning unlike exchange. authority of privy celestial sphere Enterprises The u navowed sector is unremarkably collected of organizations that are privately owned and not part of the government. These usually includes corporations (both profit and non-profit), partnerships, and charities. The vastness of private sector in Indian economy has been very laudably in generating booking and so eliminating scantiness. Further, it to a fault realised the following(a) increase smell of animation change magnitude access code to inbred items change magnitude occupation opportunities bring down prices of infixed items increase value of human capital check companionable keep of the snapper physical body Indian decrease the parcel of bulk nourishment below the poverty line in India Changed the age old perceptual experience of poor tillage ground expanse to a ascending manufacturing based country make increase research and development activity and disbursement accomplished better higher education facilities in particular in skillful palm Ensured fine ambition amongst food food market players fade away the pattern of monopoly and indeed neutralised market purpose practices innovation of difference clannish sector enterprises unrestricted sector enterprises 1. accusative maximization of profit. maximize accessible upbeat and check off equilibrate economic development. 2. willpower owned by individuals. possess by Government. 3. centering Managed by owner and Managed by Government. passe-partout managers.

Analytic Philosophy Is Not A Systematic Philosophy Essay -- Education, L

The drug abuse of analytic doctrine in education has some(prenominal) direct position on students, exclusively perhaps it is most(prenominal) useful for educators in helping explain what they propose to get a line (Ozmon Craver, 2008, p265). bandage the caprice is well intentioned, the problem in instantlys golf-club is that teachers do non have very some(prenominal) academic license and they be not well educate in analyzing their birth curriculum. Todays educational arrangement is very much entrenched in standards and rote committal to memory of concepts. Teachers argon expect to achieve plastered scores on standardized tests or suffer from examen from administration entities or their school administrators. This look at to teach an glut of standards has resulted in a system where teachers be con... ... middle of musical theme ... ... Craver, 2008, p267). One could get by that the analytic is bargonly what our students are lacking(p) in social club to become the best they can be. We are producing students who lack the skills to reckon critic exclusivelyy. The focus on learning how to use language and rede it is essential to creating the oral sex that is capable of dissecting all the messages they encounter in a meaty way. In the classroom, analysts are concerned roughly materials and methods and believe that two need to be scrutinized. Unfortunately, as want as our frequent education institutions are dependent upon government funding to suggest their programs, the restrictions and constraints that come along with accepting that money entrust halter the analytic process. While the analytic philosophy could have a profound issuing on our educational system, our current building just will not supply it to take hold.

Rivington Hospital Laundry Department Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Rivington Hospital Laundry Department - Essay ExampleThe existing reckon is more than enough to demoralize her. This budget may ca determination slightly serious changes in the apparent behaviour of the airstream supervisor as she is not happy and satisfied with the dash she has been held responsible for every cost of the wash drawing incision. Different kinds of behaviours can be displayed by the laundry supervisor, the details of some of them are provided below Quality Compromise The biggest change in the behaviour of the laundry supervisor would be shown in terms of the quality that she provides. After this performance report, her aim and objective would be to cut the cost and meet the targets specified in the budgets, and in doing so, if the quality of laundry service is compromised, she would not focus on it too much. After all, the administrators are more concerned with meeting the budgets, in this way the overall quality of the department may likely be hampered by such m ove of the administrators. Restricting the Activity Level Since the major understanding of un amicable variances in the existing budget is the increase in the activity take aim due to which more laundry services were provided and as a result the level of costs also increased in every manner, including the excessive cost of hiring an additional worker, therefore, the laundry supervisor would try to restrict the activity level to the budget level and may not provide the laundry services to the additional activity level so that the budgeted activity level should not be crossed. In this way, the excessive cost can be reduced which occurred as a result on increasing the actual activity level. This move would surely cliff the overall activity level of the hospital but result in meeting the budgeted costs. Falsification and Misrepresentation The laundry supervisor may also use some negative tactics in order to provide a better picture to the administration by reporting the falsified an d misrepresented figures of the activities of the laundry department so that budgets can be fulfilled accordingly. This step would cause the likelihood of frauds in the hospital. On a concluding note, if the administration is quite keen in getting the budgets fulfilled by the laundry department, it would have to include the laundry supervisor in budget setting activity so that a whole budget can be established which would surely be challenging but at the same time achievable to the laundry supervisor. b) Criterion for dissension Investigation The investigation of variance is undoubtedly an important objective of the organization such that the organization is more interested to find out the root cause of such variances. The variances may be either thriving or adverse in nature. The organization should focus on investigating both types of variances because generally the approving variances are considered as good and they are not investigated but they have serious negative implicat ions behind them. Managers normally try variances to be more favorable because in this way their performance would be marked high and they would be appraised on a better note. But on the other side of the picture, the favorable variances are pulled out deliberately by those managers such as hiring the low-skilled workers or even unskilled workers and purchasing the poor quality raw material etcetera In this way, the favorable variances leave negative impacts and harm the overall organizational goals. The overall criteria to examine the variances should be based on the nature and

Market orientation and sales management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Market orientation and sales management - Essay Examplewill be coupled with asking customers for opinions as they want to identify what it is that current and potential customers are looking for in goods and services.2. Create a thrill for their services and products picture company A has convey up with a prototype of a product. Unless they monopolise the market, there is an almost absolute chance that a similar product exists in the market. So, how does company A work towards ensuring their product finds a niche in the market? They can build anticipation for this new release by communicating the unique features magic spell coupling this with the benefits to be accrued by the potential consumer (Kumar, Weitz & Harish, 1994). More excitement can be built by differentiating their products and providing more than is expected. Returns on these investments will be realised because when the clientele is satisfied with the performance of one product, they will be excited for the next rel ease (Jeffrey, 1992).3. Response to the market feedback when market oriented organisations imbibe a blueprint of the present and future needs of what the customers want, they meet and exceed those desires. Apple, which seeks to understand what customers want and delivers, for example, when its customers ask for gadgets with sleek designs. Apple responds with beautiful devices that are spellbinding and sophisticated (Deshpande & Webster, 1989).Benson P. Shapiro, a professor at the Harvard Business School proposes that market oriented is not only about getting close to the customer, it is much more (Shapiro, 1998). Deshpande and Webster (1989), Narver and Slater (1994), Shapiro (1988) assert that the importance of a market oriented business culture is very crucial to scholars and managers alike. They indicate it is valuable because it focuses organisations on continuously salt away information about target-customers needs and their competitors abilities and applying this informatio n to create continuously superior customer value. A thin line

Strategic analysis of the Wal-Mart Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Strategic analysis of the Wal-Mart - Essay ExampleThe intention of this study is Wal-Mart as one of the largest and formidable players in the global retail industry. Since its system by Rogers Ark in the year 1962, the guild has grown by leaps and bounds with a presence in about 28 nations with about 9759 stores across the globe. The company provides direct and indirect employment to 2.1 million individuals globally. Wal-Mart is also listed on the bourses of the bleak York stock exchange where its stocks are being actively traded. It has been consistently ranked among the acquit brands by leading agencies like Fortune and Forbes. The company derives its combative frame in on the basis of its famous EDLP (Every Day Low Price) strategy and has a make up leadership approach towards generating competitive return in the market. A winning logistics and supply chain management strategy of the company using ERP is the backbone fag the successful recipe of success of the company. M ichael ostiary stated trio generic strategies that can also shape up positioning of a product or a brand in the market. lay is defined as the image of a product or service in the minds of the target market audience. The three strategic alternatives given by doorman include focus, preeminence and cost based leadership. Firms undertaking a focus strategy generate competitive advantage on the basis of concentrating on a single product line or a specified customer segment. A differentiation strategy involves competing in the market on the basis of differentiation in products and services that involves providing a product or service that is unique in the industry and deriving competitive advantage from the aspect. ... Background Wal-Mart is one of the largest and formidable players in the global retail industry. Since its establishment by Rogers Ark in the year 1962, the company has grown by leaps and bounds with a presence in about 28 nations with about 9759 stores across the glob e. The company provides direct and indirect employment to 2.1 million individuals globally. Wal-Mart is also listed on the bourses of the New York stock exchange where its stocks are being actively traded. It has been consistently ranked among the top brands by leading agencies like Fortune and Forbes. The company derives its competitive edge on the basis of its famous EDLP (Every Day Low Price) strategy and has a cost leadership approach towards generating competitive advantage in the market. A successful logistics and supply chain management strategy of the company using ERP is the backbone behind the successful recipe of success of the company (Wal-Mart, 2011). Strategic Positioning Michael Porter stated three generic strategies that can also shape up positioning of a product or a brand in the market. Positioning is defined as the image of a product or service in the minds of the target market audience. The three strategic alternatives given by Porter include focus, differentiati on and cost based leadership. Firms undertaking a focus strategy generate competitive advantage on the basis of concentrating on a single product line or a specified customer segment. A differentiation strategy involves competing in the market on the basis of differentiation in products and services that involves providing a product or service that is unique in the industry and deriving competitive advantage from the aspect. Cost based differentiation includes a strategy under

Globalization of Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Globalization of Music - Essay ExampleFor example, when he mentions the Sahara Desert, Ricky Martin can be seen wearing a long Kurta like the Arab nomads whereas when he mentions the Himalayas, the girl in the box can be seen wearing wool and fur to protect herself from the immense cold of the Himalayas. The television system gives a flavor of a variety of places and cultures and also gives the impact of globalization. It is only as a result of globalization that an individual can think of change of location around the world in a day as Ricky Martin does in the song.The video shows Ricky Martin in different places in different boxes. All boxes are displayed on the background of the stage, and the video zooms into one box after another. This theme is consistent with globalization as today, we are so connected that we can interact with our friends totally over the world simultaneously. It is as if switching from one friend on Skype in America to another on Skype in

Human Population Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Human Population - Essay ExampleFood, water, shelter, healthcare, and security are increasingly nice a key problem in the society. In Africa, for example, large family sizes are resulting in poor qualities of life. Moreover, population in China and India among other countries in the human being exhibits the dire need for controlled population growth on the planet.Insights shed in the video are undoubtedly fundamental to the welfare of the human race. At a personal level, it is important for the contemporary global society to address the issues raised in the program. Water shortages are already hitting many parts of the world. lumber cover has been reducing at an alarming rate across the globe. Education and awareness on contraceptives remain inaccessible to many people around the world. In this respect, the video is an important learning tool for students, parents, social policy makers, and government agencies that deal with population matters. It is important to control and manag e global population for amend social, economic, and environmental

Extended Essay in Business and Management for the IB diploma

Extended in Business and Management for the IB diploma - Essay Example.The mot critical iue face up adida i it attempt to turn around Reebok. The caller-out bought Reebok for $3.8 one thousand million 2006, a move criticized by many analyt a being too expenive. The company i working to change cutomer perception Reebok from that of a dicount hoe brand to a premium brand. A part of thee effort, the company ha witched the Reebok wholeale model from bulk pre-order to pay a you go. Wholeale cutomer like Footlocker now order Reebok hoe a they need them rather than ordering them in bulk. Thi make it le likely that larger retailer will dicount Reebok hoe in order to make pass their inventorie.Adida i, at it core, an international company with only 30% of it 2007 ale coming from North America. Moreover, it i rapidly expanding it preence in emerging market like Aia and Latin America. Becaue it target the wealthiet egment of the market the company lead it competitor in ale in Japan, Korea, India, Thailand, Ind bingleia, and New Zealand ale growth in it core emerging market in Latin America and Aia have ha topped 24% in the lat everal year. By 2010, worry expect China to be it econd bigget market. (Cooper and Lybrand, 2004, 77-84)Adida Group generate revenue by elling it product to retail tore or directly to the cutomer via one of the brand concept tore, factory outlet, conceion corner, or online tore. Of thi revenue, 46% i from footwear, 42% from apparel, and 12% from hardware. In 2007 the company had 10.3 cardinal in revenue ($13.7 billion baed on the average 2007 exchange rate), which wa a 7% currency-neutral increae over 2006 revenue of 10.084 billion ($12.557 billion). While operating margin ha dropped overall ince 2005, thi can be attributed to the cot aociated with integrating Reebok, which ha

Short answer essay questions Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Short answer questions - Essay ExampleA utter(a) suit was in 1947 in the States by Clyfford Still. In Europe, there was Popular Art that was started in the early 1960s by Lichtenstein, Hamilton, Ramos and Indiana. The movement also was too elitist and celebrated the postwar consumer culture. An example in Europe was Lichtenstein, Drowning Girl in 1963. The responses by the artist in Europe and those in America are similar as the world is viewed simply they differ a bit in their expression.2. Using at least two examples, discuss the way in which the word freedom figured for American modernist artist, and critics after 1945, and how this might be understood to compromise these artists identification with the avant-garde. Draw on at least two specific examples in your discussion.Freedom macrocosm the state of doing according to ones wishes was clear in American modernist artists. It is evident that after the World War II in 1945, artist apply the freedom they obtained to express th eir work in a new creative way. This was clear in New York where artist who were freed from Europe came to practice their work. A perfect example was Going West by Jackson Pollock in 1934-5 in America. Another example of works in America at this magazine is The Betrothal II by Arshile Gorky in 1947. The freedom of expressing art in this era made artist to start portraying the forbidden pictures in the society. This is because of their compromise to the avant-garde. An example in Europe is the forbidden pictures Homage to Otto Dix by Larry Fink in 2001.Action painting- it is a style of painting where the paint is smeared onto a examine by the artist. One of the images that action painting is the Photograph of Jackson Pollock Working by Hans Namuth in 1950. Also, Pollock did another art work by the name One (number 31) in

Theatre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Theatre - Essay ExampleHe had what was described as a rough childhood as he was often described as being effeminate which his father, an alcoholic did not approve of, and his mother was described as being bipolar. Tennessee had a close relationship with his sister Rose who later in smell was discovered to be schizophrenic and spent much of her life in mental institutions. It was the case that Tennessees fear of falling into madness would plague him in later life and ultimately lead him into alcoholism and medicine abuse. Rose ultimately had a lobotomy performed on her which left her more or less docile for the rest of her life.When Tennessee was young, his family moved to St. Louis where he attended Soldan advanced School . It became clear at an early age that Tennessee was a gifted writer and won a number of small awards for his short stories and plays. Tennessee attended the University of Misouri, capital of the United States University, and the University of Iowa where he perf ect his undergraduate studies but by the late 1930s he was studying and living in New York City.Probably what proved to be most influential on the writings of Tennessee Williams was living in New Orleans where in the late 1940s he began writing a tramcar named Desire arguably unity of his most famous works. It was during this time that Tennessee began a homosexual relationship wit a man named Frank Merlo. As one recognizes from the works of Tennessee Williams it is the case that he often used alcoholism, mental health issues, and homosexuality as cornerstones of his works. However it was during the time that Tennessee was living with Merlo that he arguably completed his most notable works, arguably this is owing to the relative stability that this relationship brought to his life.According to the library at thinkquest (2010) it is the case that Williams had published thirty eight plays, cardinal works of fiction, and

Why did Peace Fail in 1914 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Why did Peace Fail in 1914 - Essay ExampleThe main europiuman countries that had developed considerable power in the continent included Germany, France, grand Britain, Italy and Russia (Keegan, 1999, p38-39). This paper explores various factors that made it virtually impossible for peace to prevail during the beginning World War. First World War broke out shortly after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir apparent to the Hapsburg thr unrivalled by Serbian terrorists in 1914. However, the incident was not the cause, but a catalyst for large scale conflict that had been looming in Europe for a long time. Various factors had contributed significantly to the tardy build up of the war in Europe. Joll and Martel (2006) indentified economic rivalries, increased nationalism, imperialism, and militarism in do-gooder to formation of alliance systems as the major causes of First World War. frugal rivalry among European powers had become intense in the late 19th century a nd at beginning of the 20th century. match to Kennedy (1988, p72), economic competition for overseas markets, especially between Great Britain and Germany had reached epic levels. According to David (2005), Great Britain was the undisputed economic power in much of the 19th century and its strong army forces had galvanized the countrys position as the confidential information superpower in Europe and in the world. However, unification of Germany into a nation state accompanied by ambitious economic policies stimulated unprecedented development, which challenged Great Britains influence in the continent. One of the major causes of economic rivalry was trade disputes, arising from tariffs imposed on goods of competing countries in the overseas markets. According to Fussel (2000), tariff disputes emerged not only between Germany and Britain, but other growing economies in the region, such as Italy and France, Serbia and Austria, in addition to Germany and Russia among other trading partners. The subsequent economic competition resulted into tense and suspicious relations between concerned countries, making war inevitable. Large-scale militarisation was one of the major consequences of increasing competition between rival countries in Europe. According to Keegan (1999), each country attempted to build and strengthen its military power leading to arms race in European continent. Between 1870 and 1914, David (2005, p107) noted that military expenditure among the competing countries in Europe increased by 300 percent. Most countries introduced authorisation conscription of all citizens above eighteen years into the armed forces. Development of Germanys military was particularly phenomenal. According to Kennedy (1988, p69), the country had over 8 one thousand million soldiers compared to Britains 750,000 in 1913. Although Britain had one of the best trained and equipped military, the growth of Germanys defence forces was a major cause of tension in Europe. Accor ding to Fussel (2000), Germanys military power was vastly superior to France, one of Great Britains allies. In addition, Germany naval expansion presented a real threat to Great Britains security. Germanys rapid economic growth and superior military presence aggravated its quest for more power and influence in Europe. Germanys military build up and consistent aggressive rhetoric indicated that the country was prepared for large-scale war, with an intention of challenging other powers in the continent. The period in the lead eruption of First World War was characterized by stiff competition for colonies in other continents especially in Africa and Asia. Industrial revolution in Europe necessitated the need for more natural resources, and

Short Article discussion about Sex, Gender and Society Essay

Short Article discussion about Sex, Gender and Society - Essay ExampleSociety establishes many norms, it would seem, as it pertains to gender and grammatical gender and, in some instances, it would seem that the average person does not consider where these values and norms actually came from. In American society, as described by the article, workforce often see womens physical attributes as being objects for manipulation. This is clearly a social construction as described by the article. It is not astonishing, actually, considering that psychological science and the domain of sociology reinforces the social belonging is one of the most fundamental and universal needs for improving ones self-esteem and ensuring healthy social development.mayhap in todays society, with such strong norms and expectations about what is acceptable for men versus women, that going along with these social norms and complying with their dominant expectations actually underpins the desire to be accepted at the social level. For instance, when men socialize, they often make either derogatory comments about womens anatomy or express, as a group, how beautiful and sexy they find these attributes. To not go along with this banter could mean social humiliation or ostracizing. It would seem, based on the reading, that fitting in power underpin conceptions of gender today and only when social belonging becomes less prevalent as a human need will gender roles and expectations formulate as well.Social norms in a society are clearly potent and powerful concepts. It is interesting to consider how stereotypes and biases also fit into what constructs norms and whether they are astray accepted or individual in society. In the domain of social sciences, there is a plethora of literature about cultural differences and how individuals in home(prenominal) versus foreign societies see gender roles, group roles, and cultural values in general. For instance, in China, losing face in front of others is a very strong wound up component of behavior and when reputation is lost, people feel

Work integrated project Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Work integrated project - Lab Report modelingEvaluation of Limitations and Alternative Proposal 13 References 15 Bibliography 17 Overview rank harmingis the manufacturing and wholesale segment of Lebanese Sweet and is located at Maddington, western Australia.Swan Sweet was founded by Hassan Youssef in the 1920s and was then known as Hassan Youssef Sweet Lebanon. The company has positioned itself as the key supplier of confectionery items for the production line market. Swan Sweetoffers sweets and othercatering solutions to fulfill all the business needs of their guests. They are well known for their supplies of freshly baked Baklava, a material body of Mediterranean pastry.They also offer wholesale solutions to their customers for promotionalproceedings and corporate eventsby providing bulk products enabling the clients to develop and build their businesses (Swan Sweet 2011). The report addresses the issues pertaining to a change intervention process of Swan Sweet. The report analyzes the internal and the external drivers which led to the change intervention in Swan Sweet explaining its keen-witted and purpose. The study considers the change perspectives that might have driven the owners of Swan Sweet. The study also describes the change strategy adopted by the management of Swan Sweet and demonstrates the approaches employed for the development as well as implementation of the change strategy. An assessment has also been made of the options available to and restraints the company Swan Sweet face up when selecting the resulting strategy. The report also confers about the strategic planning tools employed as well as how they were customized or discarded to match the organisational requirements of Swan Sweet. The report evaluates the border of the change intervention process, and finally proposes alternative change perspectives and strategies for the change intervention in Swan Sweet. 1. Rationale of Change Intervention Swan Sweet has evolved all over the years since its foundation in the 1920s and has under gone various modifications in their functioning process. Swan Sweets incessant up form in terms of quality is aligned to their objectives of customer satisfaction. Swan Sweet has implemented a distinctive blend of technology and service to offer comfortable products options. Theproduct service of Swan Sweet is designed in a mode that it enables the customers to specifytheir exact requirements. Swan Sweets ensures that each and each product words made by them is unique and precisely as per the requirements of the client.Customer service and customer satisfaction is the top priority of Swan Sweets. The company guarantees to deliver every product order on accurate time,as per the agreed budget and of the outperform possible quality. Swan Sweets goal is to provide customer delight by means of the utmost levels of service and quality achievable (Swan Sweet 2011) this had served as the internal driver or the principle which ha d motivated Swan Sweet to employ incessant change in order to upgrade the level of the services provided by them. The management of Swan Sweet believes in coetaneous marketing technologies and has also developed online shop for marketing their products. The management of Swan Sweet was certain that there was a demand for an online platform which would provide best quality sweet and other confectionary products for the business segment (Swan Sweet 2011). The success of their online delivery service has proven the existence of such a requirement amongst the public. In the initial years of the formation of Swan Sweet, the growth of Muslim populace in

Xerox corporation swas analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

xerox copy corporation swas analysis - Essay ExampleWith new technology and service offerings for office and production environments, including cheap color printing for businesses of any size, Xeroxs revenue enkindleth strategy could be aligned around creating new opportunities to expand its share of the $102 billion document market. The novelty from offset presses to digital systems would also be a catalyst in improving profit margins for the attach to with erupt adding new products.If a fraction of the companys revenue is invested in research and development each year, it would be possible for Xerox to create the industrys broadest portfolio of document management technology and service. With the available expertise and experience in the filed of copiers, the company can plan to launch world class new systems in color and black-and-white digital presses, production copier/printers, office multifunction systems and printers.Thus, using the alive expertise in manufacturing copie rs, it would become possible to tap new opportunities and take on the digital revolution without any significant investment on the companys part.Xerox Corps Turnaround Strategy (2004) What Went Wrong, electronic version Retrieved 10 February 2008,from icmrindias website http//www.icmrindia.org/casestudies/catalogue/Business%20Strategy2/BSTR121.htmValue-added services including consulting, imaging and content management for businesses small to large. By integrating Xeroxs document management services with better technology and improved productivity, work processes could be simplified. Value added-services, which could include consulting, imaging and content management for businesses of any size, would be an additional source of income for the company. formulation of consulting, imaging and content management is a niche area. With the digital revolution growing manifold by the day, this is the right time to exploit the potential of providing such services. Many companies prefer to o utsource such jobs to experts in the field thus, Xerox could be a service provider to such companies. Xerox-Annual Report, (2005) Retrieved 10 February, 2008,from Xerox websites http//www.xerox.com/Static_HTML/annualreport/2005/truecolors.htmlhttp//www.xerox.com/Static_HTML/annualreport/2005/gradient_content.htmlXeroxs unequalled innovation in color technology and MFDs With Xeroxs expertise of over 60 years in the field of manufacturing copiers, it would be relatively easy to come out with new age color printers and multifunction devices like copier-scanner-printers. There is a growing demand for such copiers in the market. The revenue from the launch of such products is expected to grow by 20 percent on an annualized basis. As the revenue per color page is approximately five times higher than the revenue per black-and-white page, thither is a significant opportunity to be tapped in this market. With about 3

Constitutional Law and Offender Treatment Analysis Essay

constitutional Law and Offender Treatment Analysis - Essay ExampleTherefore, the justice system has been given power in line with the enacted laws to ensure that the powers granted argon implemented by all sectors in compliance with the statutes. This paper therefore aims to identify and examine the statutory potential and responsibilities of justice system officials, security force out, and private citizens regarding investigation, detention and the arrest of suspected offenders. It will particularly make an evaluation on the psychological and physical handling of suspected offenders and associated laws by all concerned parties including the legal philosophy, private security personnel, and the wider society. The paper will besides examine the various laws in relation to the use of essence by public police and private security.Finally, it will examine the manner in which established laws affect public safety and several(prenominal) rights associated with probation, parole, and punitive organizations. Constitutional Rights The U.S. Constitutions Fourth, Fifth and 6th Amendments, through the due process clause in the Fourteenth Amendment, provide the rights relating to criminal laws that all citizens have. The Fourth Amendment forbids unrealistic and unwarranted searches and arrests of citizens and their property. The Sixth Amendment provides for rights and freedoms for criminal suspects. The amendments provide for a speedy and extensive investigation by the judge followed by a fair hearing in court. The constitution also has provisions that protect the suspect from harassment, intimidation and torture by the police, justice system and the wider society (Legal Rights Hand Book, 2005) Rights of Citizens The Constitution guarantees citizens the right to life, freedom of movement, speech, association etc. as long as the rights bestowed do not result in the violation of the rights of another individual or the State. If a citizen of a particular ground feel s that his or her rights have been violated he or she has the right to inform the police for intervention. However, in the event that the life of an individual is in danger and so cannot wait for police intervention that individual has the right to act in self-defense. For instance in South Africa in accordance with the Criminal Procedure Act(sec 42) an individual who is not a security personnel has the right to arrest an individual suspected of committing crime without a guarantee under special circumstances (Vuuren, 2000). The evaluator System is the branch of government that is responsible for the execution and enforcement of laws that are enacted by legislature. The security personnel that include the public police and private security personnel have the duty of ensuring that the citizens follow the law and therefore help in maintaining law and order. When citizens fail to obey and respect the laws in place the police are entitled to act within the law and ensure those respons ible for committing crimes are brought to justice by carrying out speedy and appropriate investigations and arresting the culprits. After the police have carried out extensive investigations, the justice system has the authority of using the evidence presented to sentence the offenders in accordance with the law. Once the offenders have been sentenced, it is the duty of the correctional centers such as prisons, parole and probation centers to ensure that the offenders serve their sentence and reform

Minitab Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Minitab - Assignment ExampleTo determine whether the wording of the cover garner influences the response rate, leash different cover letters were used in a survey of students at a Midwestern university. Suppose that separately of the three cover letters accompanied questionnaires sent to an equal number of randomly selected students. Returned questionnaires were then classified according to the type of cover letter (I, II, or III). mathematical function the nonessential data to test the venture that the true proportions of all returned questionnaires accompanied by cover letters I, II, and III are the same. Use a 0.05 conditional relation aim.As shown in Minitab output, all pass judgment frequencies are greater than 1 and no expected frequency is less than 5. Furthermore, as stated in the problem, the take is a simple random sample. Therefore, all the assumptions of the test are met.At the 5% significance level, the data provide sufficient exhibit to conclude that the hypo thesis that the true proportions of all returned questionnaires accompanied by cover letters I, II, and III are the same.2. A survey was conducted in the San Francisco Bay area in which each participating individual was classified according to the type of vehicle used most often and city of residence. A subset of the resulting data is given in the accompanying table. Do the data provide convincing evidence of an association between city of residence and vehicle type? Use a significance level of 0.05. You may assume that it is reasonable to regard the sample as a random sample of Bay area residents.As shown in Minitab output, all expected frequencies are greater than 1 and no expected frequency is less than 5. Furthermore, as stated in the problem, it is reasonable to regard the sample as a random sample of Bay area residents. Therefore, all the assumptions of the test are met.Standardized residuals greater than 2 in absolute value provide evidence