Anatomy: Dermis

The dermis is composed of the papillose take and the ___________. shell cutaneous plexus hypodermis -reticular storyThe reticular and papillary layers unitedly compose the dermis. What structure is amenable for the strength of attachment between the epidermis and dermis? grade corneum basement membrane -cutaneal ridge stage lucidumThe deeper the epidermal ridge, the stronger the attachment. The typecastwrite of prison cells that form the strata in the epidermis ar d displaceritic cells. -keratinocytes. adipocytes. melanocytes. fibroblasts. The tough horny superficial layer of the epidermis is cognise as the floor spinosum. stratum lucidum. stratum granulosum. -stratum corneum. Stratum germinativum. Large quantities of keratin be arrange in the epidermal layer c everyed the stratum spinosum. stratum lucidum. stratum granulosum. -stratum corneum. stratum germinativum. Water passing play due to evaporation of fluid that has pe netrated finished the shin is termed ________ perspiration. well- effectuateed latent -insensible in mobileThe layer of the skin that provides a barrier against bacteria as well as chemical and machinelike injuries is the dermis. stratum corneum. -epidermis. subcutaneous layer. Water loss from insensible perspirationIs well-nigh . 5 liters a dayThe epidermis of the skin is composed of which type of tissue? keratinized differentiate squamous epitheliumThe layer of stem cells that constantly divide to re advanced the epidermis is the is approximately 0. 5 liters a day. depends on apocrine sudation glands. is negligible. always exceeds sensible perspiration. is too wasted to be measured reliably. Stratum germinatiumThe protein that reduces water loss at the skin surface isKeratinWhile walking barefoot on the beach, Joe stepped on a thorn that penetrated by dint of the sole of his foot to the dermis. How many another(prenominal) layers of epidermis did the thorn penetrate? 5From what structure does sensible perspiration occur? diaphoresis glandsCell divisions at heart the stratum __________ replace more superficial cells which last dash and fall off. GerminativumThe cells of stratum corneum were initially earnd in the __________. tratum germinativumMelanocytes _____________. store melanin in melanosomesThe primordial pigments contained in the epidermis arecarotene and melanin. An albino individual lacks the ability to produceMelaninMelanin is produced by melanocytes deep down the stratum ________. BasaleThe dark pigment melanin is produced within __________. MelanocytesThe layer directly under the epidermis is the __________. DemisCell divisions within the stratum __________ replace more superficial cells which eventually die and fall off.GerminativumWhich of these is non an accessory structure of the skin? DermisThe epidermal layer that consists al nearly entirely of keratin is the __________. Stratum corneumThe cells of str atum corneum were initially produced in the __________. stratum germinativumEach of the by-line is a function of the integumental system, exceptSynthesis of vitamin CThe two components of the integumentary system are thecutaneous membrane and accessory structures. the type of cells that form the strata in the epidermis rekeratinocytesThe tough horny superficial layer of the epidermis is know as theStratum corneumLarge quantities of keratin are found in the epidermal layer called theStratum corneumWater loss due to evaporation of fluid that has penetrated with the skin is termed ________ perspiration. InsensibleThe layer of the epidermis that contains abundant desmosomes is theStratum spinosumThe near dangerous type of skin cancer is termed ________. Melanoma**Skin cancer that starts in the stratum germinativum is called ________Types of skin cancers includesquamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, and basal cell carcinoma.Children in blue regions experience months of inadequa te cheer exposure on the skin. To prevent manageable ab figure rise development, what essential harmoniumic nutrient is necessary in the food? CholecalciferolAn important vitamin that is formed in the skin when it is exposed to sunlight isVitamin dThe epidermis receives transmission line from which of the pursuit? cutaneous arteries called papillary plexusThe layer of the skin that contains bundles of collagen and expandible fibers responsible for the strength of the skin is the ________ layer.ReticularThe protein that permits stretching and recoiling of the skin isElastinSkin sacking that primarily involves the papillary layer is termedDermatitisA surgical incision parallel to the lines of cleavageCloses and heals with relatively little scarringStretch marks occur whenthe skin is so extensively stretched that its elastic limits are exceeded. Which tissue is primed(p) in the region labeled 2? Areolar connective tissueWhich of these cells produce the fibers found within t he reticular layer of the dermis?FibroblastsThe skin can move easily over the vestigial muscles be fuck off of the loose connective tissue within the __________. HypodermisThe layer primarily responsible for the strength of the skin is the __________ layer. ReticularWhich of the following glands ooze outs egest into the hair follicle? ApocrineA common cause of dandruff isInflammation around sebaceous glandsThe ________ glands in the axilla become active at the time of puberty. Apocrine sweatSensible perspiration is produced by ________ glands.Merocrine sweatThe highest concentration of merocrine sweat glands is foundOn the palms of the hands________ sweat glands are widely distributed across the body surface, ________ glands are located wheresoever hair follicles exist, and ________ sweat glands are found only in a few areas. Merocrine sebaceous apocrineEach of the following statements concerning sebaceous glands and sebum is true, except one. Identify the exception. well-nigh sebaceous glands are coiled tubular glands. Merocrine sweat glandssecrete a weak fluid directly onto the surface of the skin.Which of the following types of glands helps cool the body? Merocrine sweat glandsSudoriferous glands are alike called __________ glands. SweatMerocrine sweat glands are most abundant in the __________. HandsCollagen to repair a deep skin wound is produced by __________. Dermal fibroblastsMast cells are triggering a response to injury during which cast of repair? InflammatoryDuring which phase of injury repair is the scab undermined by epidermal cells? ProliferationDuring the proliferation phase, around a week after injury, the scab has been undermined by epidermal cells.Shedding of the scab and culmination of the epidermis occurs during which phase of injury repair? MaturationThe type of burn that whitethorn require a skin graft is a3rd degree burnWhich of these is a primary role of the skeletal system? Calcium homeostasisLeverageMuscle attachment siteWhi ch of these is not factor of the skeletal system? TendonsPart of skeletal systemBones cartilage ligamentsThe end of a long tog out is known as the __________. EpiphysisThe patella is an case of a __________ fancy up. Sesamoid ariseOsteoblasts are squamous cells that develop into ___________.OsteocytesOsteoblasts differentiate from __________. Osteoprogenitor cellsWhich of the following characteristics applies to the cells known as osteoclasts? The cells dissolve matrixCells that secrete collagen fibers are called ________. OsteoblastsCells that are found in small depressions on the endosteal surfaces are the ________. OsteoclastsCells that free atomic number 20 from trick out to maintain blood calcium aims are called ________. OsteoclastsIn de chock up, the calcium phosphate forms crystals of ________. HydroxyapatiteStem cells that can differentiate into osteoblasts are called ________ cells.OsteoprogenitorThe narrow passageways that contain cytoplasmic extensions of osteoc ytes are calledCanaliculiThe lacunae of osseous tissue containOsteocytesThe most abundant cell type in bone isOsteocytes________ cells are located in the inner cellular layer of the periosteum. OsteoprogenitorThrough the action of osteoclasts,Bony matrix is dissolvedCells that secrete the organic components of the bone matrix are calledOsteoblastsThis cell functions to _________. Break shoot down boneSpongy bone is filled with ____________. Red marrowThe type of bone that forms the diaphysis of a long bone is called __________ bone.CompactSpongy bone comprises an open meshwork of osseous spicules called __________. TrabeculaeThe superficial membrane of a bone is called the ________. PeriosteumThe matrix in spongy bone forms struts and arches called ________. Trabeculae________ fibers are stronger than steel when stretched. CollagenBlood is distributed from the surface of a bone to deeper primeval canals finished channels known as ________. Perforating canalsod is distributed from the surface of a bone to deeper central canals through channels known as ________.Endosteum________ bone reduces the weight of the figure and reduces the load on muscles. SpongyWhich statement is true regarding calcium in bone matrix? Calcium is found in crystals called hydroxyapatitethe trabeculae of spongy boneare organized on stress linesThe structural units of mature compact bone are calledOsteonsFat is stored within theMedullary cavity________ marrow is found between the trabeculae of spongy bone. RedWhen production of awaken internal secretions increases at puberty, epiphyseal platesBecome narrowerMigration of osteoblasts into the ___________ creates the __________. piphysis, secondary ossification centerMigration of capillaries and osteoblasts into the epiphysis creates the secondary ossification center. The cell designated by the arrow _________. requires oxygen and nutrients to functionOxygen and nutrients are essential to osteoblasts and formation of new bone. Migrat ion of blood vessels into the central region of the cartilage bone model, starting bone development, occurs at which site? Primary ossification centerIf osteoblasts are more active than osteoclasts, swot up may become __________. Any of these changes may result if osteoblasts are more active than osteoclasts.Which of these cell types plays a role in bone remodeling? osteoblast osteocyte The ongoing abut of tearing down and rebuilding bone matrix is called ________ . RemodelingCalcitriol is required for __________. absorbing dietary calcium and phosphateWhich of these is not required for normal bone formation? Vitamin EWhich of these factors does not contribute significantly to normal bone formation? Potassium intake________ hormones stimulate osteoblasts to produce bone matrix. SexExcessive result hormone prior to puberty could result inGiantismA lack of exercise couldresult in porous and eak bones. When stress is applied to a bone,the minerals in the bone produce a weak elect rical field that attracts osteoblastsRoughly what portion of the bodys total calcium content is deposited in the skeleton? 99%The hormone __________ increases the blood level of calcium. parathyroid gland hormoneA drop in blood calcium levels stimulates the secernment of __________. parathyroid hormoneHow is vitamin D (vitamin D3) related to calcium homeostasis in bone? Vitamin D is tangled in calcium absorption by the digestive tract so calcium is available for ossification and remodeling.A child with rickets often hasBowed legsHundreds of age ago explorers often died of scurvy. How can this bone-related disease be prevented? Supplement the diet with fresh fruit rich in vitamin C. The hormone calcitonin functions todecrease the level of calcium ion in the blood. Parathyroid hormone functions in all of the following ways, except that itInhibits calcitonin secretionElevated levels of calcium ion in the blood stimulate the secretion of the hormoneCalcitoninThe most abundant mineral in the human body isCalciumParathyroid hormone causes what response in the kidneys?Retention of calcium ionsWhich hormone increases blood calcium upon secretion? Parathyroid hormoneCalcium levels below 8. 5 mg/dL causes PTH production and calcium releaseWhen a faild bone heals it leaves a thickened region known as a ____________. CallusWhat is normally found at a fracture hematoma? Dead boneBone fragmentsBlood clotIn a __________ fracture, the broken bone penetrates through the skin. CompoundAfter a fracture of the diaphysis has healed, the thickened region that results is called theExternal callusA bone scan of an aged(a) patient revealed the beginnings of osteoporosis. Which of these interventions is not recommended?Bed restthe natural age-related loss of bone voltaic pile is called ________. OsteopeniaIf a tumor secretes high levels of osteoclast-activating factor, which of the following would you expect to occur as a result of this condition? increases in blood levels of cal cium bone fragility decreased bone density Aging has what effect on the skeletal system? Loss of calcium and collagen fibers from matrixA condition in which bone becomes riddled with holes is calledOsteoporosisIf osteoclasts are more active than osteoblasts, bones will becomeOsteopenicWhy does osteoporosis come across more women than men?Women concur a decrease in bring up hormones after menopause whereas men continue to produce male sex hormones throughout adulthood. The bone in this image is __________. Typical of osteopeniaOsteoclast-activating factor does all of the following, except that itis released in large amounts early in life. Which of the following is not a part of the axial division of the skeletal system? pelvic girdleWhich of the following is not part of the axial skeleton? Pelvic girdleHow many bones make up the axial skeleton? 80Which of the following bones is not part of the axial skeleton?PatellaWhich of the following bones is NOT part of the vertebral colu mn? RibsWhich bone of the axial skeleton protects the school principal? CraniumThe hard palate is formed primarily by the __________ bones. MaxillaryWhich structure does the sella turcica nurse? Pituitary glandWhich bone supports the larynx superiorly? hyoidWhich two bones contribute to the malar bone arch? Temporal and zygomatiche ________ bone is unusual because it doesnt contact another bone. Hyoid The inferior portion of the nasal septum is formed by the ________. VomerIn the condition known as a(n) ________, the nasal septum has a bend in it.Deviated septumInfection of the large process on the temporal bone would be called ________. MastoiditisDamage to the temporal bone would most likely affect the sense(s) ofHearing and balanceThe function of the hyoid bone is toAnchor the tongue musclesThe in straitened circumstances(p) portion of the nasal septum is formed by theperpendicular plate of the ethmoid and vomer bone. What organ is located in the lacrimal fossa? Tear glandLig aments that support the hyoid bone are attached to theStyloid processThe occipital condyles of the skull articulate with theAtlasThe foramen magnum is found in the ________ bone.OccipitalNerves that serve the lower lip and chin pass through the ____________. Mental foramenA nerve that carries sensory information from the teeth and gums of the lower annoy passes through theMandibular foramenWhich of the following statements about the paranasal sinuses is true? They are run along with ciliated epitheliumMake skull bones lighterConnect nasal cavitiesWhich of these bones is not part of the orbital complex? VomerThe paranasal sinuses are located in all of the following bones, except theZygomaticThe widest intervertebral discs are found in the ________ region.LumbarThe odontoid process is found on theAxisThe part of the vertebrae that transfers weight along the axis of the vertebral column is theVertebral bodyThe vertebral column contains ________ lumbar vertebrae. 5The vertebral column contains ________ thoracic vertebrae. 12True ribs have cartilage directly connected to the sternum and are therefore also called ________ ribs. VertebrosternalHumans normally have __________ pairs of ribs12 loss of calcium and collagen fibers from matrix increase in adipose tissue in epiphyses Osteoclast